Saturday, April 7, 2012

Robots knowledge










320 BC
Greek philosopher Aristotle made this famous quote:
“If every tool, when ordered, or even of its own accord, could do the work that befits it... then there would be no need either of apprentices for the master workers or of slaves for the lords.”
Aristotle
1495
Around 1495 Leonardo da Vinci sketched plans for a humanoid robot.
1700 - 1900
Between 1700 and 1900 a number of life-sized automatons were created including a famous mechanical duck made by Jacques de Vaucanson that could crane its neck, flap its wings and even swallow food.
Automaton
1913
Henry Ford installs the world’s first moving conveyor belt-based assembly line in his car factory. A Model T can be assembled in 93 minutes.
1920
Karel Capek coins the word ‘robot’ to describe machines that resemble humans in his play called Rossums Universal Robots. The play was about a society that became enslaved by the robots that once served them.
This idea is now a common theme in popular culture, ie Frankenstein, Terminator, The Matrix etc.
1932
The first true robot toy was produced in Japan. The ‘Lilliput’ was a wind-up toy which walked. It was made from tinplate and stood just 15cm tall.
Lilliput
1937
Alan Turing releases his paper “On Computable Numbers” which begins the computer revolution.

1941
Legendary science fiction writer Isaac Asimov writes the short story ‘Liar!’ in which he describes the Three Laws of Robotics. His stories were recompiled into the volume “I, Robot” in 1950 – later reproduced as a movie starring Will Smith.
Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics:
  1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
  2. A robot must obey any orders given to it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
  3. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.

Asimov
1950
Alan Turing proposes a test to determine if a machine truly has the power to think for itself. To pass the test a machine must be indistinguishable from a human during conversation. It has become known as the ‘Turing Test’.
1954
George Devol and Joe Engleberger design the first programmable robot ‘arm’. This later became the first industrial robot, completing dangerous and repetitive tasks on an assembly line at General Motors (1962).
Robotic arm
1957
The Soviet Union launches ‘Sputnik’, the first artificial orbiting satellite. This marks the beginning of the space race.
1964
The IBM 360 becomes the first computer to be mass-produced.
IBM360
1968
Stanley Kubrick makes Arthur C. Clark's, 2001: A Space Odyssey into a movie. It features HAL, an onboard computer that develops a mind of its own.
1969
The U.S. successfully use the latest in computing, robotic and space technology to land Neil Armstrong on the moon.
Man on the Moon
1977
The first Star Wars movie is released. George Lucas‘s movie inspires a new generation of researchers through his image of a human future shared with robots such as the now famous R2-D2 and C-3PO.
1986
The first LEGO based educational products are put on the market and Honda launches a project to build a walking humanoid robot.
Early humanoid
1994
Carnegie Universities eight-legged walking robot, Dante ll, successfully descends into Mt Spur to collect volcanic gas samples.
1997
On May 11, a computer built by IBM known as Deep Blue beat world chess champion Garry Kasparov.
The first Robocup tournament is held in Japan. The goal of Robocup is to have a fully automated team of robots beat the worlds best soccer team by the year 2050.
Robocup
1998
LEGO launches its first Robotics Inventions System.
1999
Sony releases the first version of AIBO, a robotic dog with the ability to learn, entertain and communicate with its owner. More advanced versions have followed.
Early AIBO
2000
Honda debuts ASIMO, the next generation in its series of humanoid robots.
2004
Epsom release the smallest known robot, standing 7cm high and weighing just 10 grams. The robot helicopter is intended to be used as a ‘flying camera’ during natural disasters.
Small robot
2005
Researchers at Cornell University build the first self-replicating robot. Each ‘robot’ is made up of a small tower of computerized cubes which link together through the use of magnets.
2008
After being first introduced in 2002, the popular Roomba robotic vacuum cleaner has sold over 2.5 million units, proving that there is a strong demand for this type of domestic robotic technology.
Roomba

Easy learning physics

Physics importance in real life












1) There are several things, which have great importance in our daily life.
 Out of these, physics is the one of them. 
2) The main and the important form of energy that is electrical energy 
is only and only due to the physics.
3)  We cannot image the life without electricity.
4)  The formation of clouds in nature is based on the physical phenomenon
 called evaporation. 
5) Physics is also applied in our body. Due to electrical signals, which 
carry the sensation, to mind, we are able to see, listen or to feel the objects. 
6) In the cooking of the vegetables, some of the physical laws work.
 Even we choose the metal of the utensil on the behalf of physics.
7) We generally use water as a coolant or as a heating liquid due to 
the high specific heat of water.
8) Physics also explains the several form of energy and their transformation.
 Such as kinetic energy, potential energy, nuclear energy, etc.
9)  Even in the growing of plants the osmosis is used and the photosynthesis is used which is also explained by the physics. 
10) Physics gave us very important inventions such as our cars, bikes, watches, bulbs, LEDs, cell phones, TV, computer, laptops, VCD players, microwave ovens, cooking gas stoves, etc.
Conclusion of Importance of Physics in Daily Life:








1) Actually Physics is derived from a Greek word that means nature. The physical observations and the theories are consistent in nature.
2)  This is the theory, which makes the prediction of the results. Physics starts with the simple structures and then analyze the phenomenon. Now these days the physics has become indispensable.
3)  Physics pertains the new concepts and the materials as solar cells, which are environment friendly, do not produce any pollution.  It can creates the situations in which we can solve the several problems.
What Is The Importance Of Physics In Our Daily Life?
The word physics is derived from the Ancient Greek word ‘physis’, which means ‘nature’. Physics

is vitally important in our daily lives as it provides us with an understanding of how the universe behaves.
More specifically, physics is commonly defined as the “study of matter and its motion through space-time”. 
Since everything that surrounds us in the universe is made of matter, it stands to reason that physics is an integral part of everything we do during the course of our daily lives.
In the modern day, physics has been particularly crucial in the development of new technologies. 
An increased understanding of the concepts of electromagnetism and nuclear physics in the twentieth century, for instance, has aided the development of products that have transformed the way we live our lives.
 Examples of such new technologies include television, radio, computers and household appliances.







Theories central to the study of physics, such as mechanics, provide the basis of every mode of transport we use. This article on the Autoparts website  for instance, explains the physical theory that explains how vehicles brake.
There are generally considered to be 5 central theories in the field of physics. They are:
- Classical mechanics
- Electromagnetism
- Thermodynamics and statistical mechanics
- Quantum mechanics
- Relativity

Friday, April 6, 2012

Helmet as Cell charger




HELMET AS CHARGER: The latest invention  is a helmet that can be used as a cell phone charger.
By harnessing solar and wind energy, the helmet is able to charge a TIME FOR CHARGING: cell phone in about 40 minutes. 

2) LATEST INVENTION: 
It is is worth mentioning that the number 
of accidents in the city increases and more people get serious injuries due to 
the fact that they do not wear helmets, reports Silicon India.

3) APPLICATION:  According to Pragnesh and Aalok, their helmet will motivate people to use head protection while on the road. 


To be able to come up with the innovation, the students needed only three days. 


During the day the helmet uses solar energy to charge a cell phone, and at night it harnesses wind energy. Pragnesh mentioned that the price for helmet will be Rs. 1,000(about $22).